-Serif
-Created by John Baskerville/ John Quaranda
-Other fonts include EF Baskerville Baskerville (BT) Baskerville Caps Baskerville Classico Baskerville No.2 ITC New Baskerville ITC New Baskerville (EF)
-Designed in 1757
-Classified as a transitional typeface
-Family members- Italic, Italic Oldstyle Figures, Bold, Bold Small Caps & Oldstyle Figures, Bold Italics, and Bold Italic Oldstyle Figures
Old style typefaces were originally created between the late 15th and mid-18th centuries, these early roman types are characterized by curved strokes whose axis inclines to the left, and little contrast between thick and thins. Their serifs are almost always bracketed while the head serifs are often angled. The lowercase “e” in some versions features a diagonal cross stroke. Examples of this type is ITC Berkely Oldstyle, ITC Legacy Serif, and Sabon Next.
Transitional Type
John Baskerville was the one who established this style in the mid 18th century. These typefaces represent the transition between old style and neoclassical designs, to incorporate some characteristics of each. The strokes normally have a vertical stress. The weight contrast is more pronounced than in old style designs. Serifs are still bracketed and head serifs are oblique. Examples of this are Baskerville, Perpetua, and ITC Charter.
Modern Type
.Consists of high and abrupt contrast between thick and thin strokes, abrupt (unbracketed) hairline (thin) serifs, vertical axis, horizontal stress, and small apertures. Examples include didot, ambroise, and moderno FB.
Slab Serif
Slab serif is also sometimes called Egyptian/antique. The classification began in the mid-nineteenth century during the Industrial Revolution. It is characterized by serifs that are similar in weight to the character stroke, in contrast to other serif faces where the serif is a minor finishing flourish. Additionally there is typically little or no contrast in stroke width, and serifs are most often unbracketed. This included American Typewriter, Archer, and Nilland.
Sans Serif
A Sans Serif typeface is one that does not have the small projecting features called "serifs" at the end of strokes. This comes from the French word sans, meaning "without" and "serif" from the Dutch word schreef meaning "line". So, it is a type face without line. Sans-serif fonts tend to have less line width variation than serif fonts. They are often used for headlines in print rather than for body text. Sans-serif fonts have become the most popular for display of text on computer screens. This includes Franklin Gothic, Helvetica, and Futura.
Stroke Weight: describes the thickness of a line that helps make up a character in a typeface
Axis: an imaginary line drawn from top to bottom of a glyph bisecting the upper and lower strokes
Small Caps: are when uppercase characters are set at the same height and weight as surrounding lowercase letters
Lining Figures: In typography, numbers are commonly referred to as figures or numerals. Lining figures are one of the two styles of figures, with the other being oldstyle.Non-aligning figures-
Ligatures-two or more figures or letters are joined as a single figure
Lining Figures- figures with even height, some can be smaller and lighter than uppercase
Non-aligning figures- oldstyle figures which vary in height and weight. may sit on the baseline, or go below the baseline
Type measurement- Typographic units are the units of measurement used in typography or typesetting. Traditionally they differ from metric units. Even though the units used are all very small, across a line of print they add up quickly. Usually use picas and points (1 inch = 6 picas = 72 points)
